Journal: Neuropsychiatric Disease and Treatment

Article Title: The Impact of Esketamine on Depression: Targeting Oxidative Stress and Neuronal Apoptosis Through BDNF/TrkB/PI3K/AKT Pathway Activation

doi: 10.2147/NDT.S502090

Figure Lengend Snippet: Esketamine Reduces Neuronal Apoptosis and Modulates Apoptotic Pathway Proteins by Activating the BDNF/TrkB/PI3K/AKT Pathway in CUMS Rats. ( A ) Shows the TUNEL staining image for detecting apoptotic cells, magnified at 400×; ( B ) displays the corresponding statistical chart of TUNEL staining, reflecting the relative level of apoptosis in different groups; ( C ) presents the Western blot bands for Caspase-9 and Caspase-3 proteins, illustrating their expression levels; ( D ) shows the statistical chart of the relative expression of Caspase-9 protein, and ( E ) displays the statistical chart of the relative expression of Caspase-3 protein in different experimental groups. *p < 0.05 vs the Normal group, #p < 0.05 vs the CUMS group, and ^p < 0.05 vs the Esketamine group. Results are shown as mean ± SD. N=6. The experiments were performed in triplicate.

Article Snippet: Following that, the sections and apoptotic cells were identified using a TUNEL assay kit (NBP2-31164, Novus Biologicals, USA) as directed by the manufacturer.

Techniques: TUNEL Assay, Staining, Western Blot, Expressing

Journal: Scientific Reports

Article Title: A novel ENU-induced ankyrin-1 mutation impairs parasite invasion and increases erythrocyte clearance during malaria infection in mice

doi: 10.1038/srep37197

Figure Lengend Snippet: The parasite load of wild-type and Ank-1 (MRI61689/ +) mice when infected with 1 × 10 4 P. chabaudi ( a ) and the associated survival curve ( b ). Parasite intra-erythrocytic growth was assessed through TUNEL assay at 1–10% parasitaemia during late trophozoite stage, as visualised from immunofluorescent images showing presence of parasites and TUNEL-positive parasites ( c ). The number of TUNEL-positive parasites in both wild-type and Ank-1 (MRI61689/ +) mice were counted and expressed as a percentage ( d ) (n = 3). For parasite invasion and RBC clearance, The IVET assay was done showing the ratio of infected Ank-1 (MRI61689/ +) to wild-type erythrocytes over 36 hours ( e ) and the relative number Ank-1 (MRI61689/ +) and wild-type erythrocyte in both infected and uninfected mice ( f ) during P. chabaudi infection (n = 6–7). **Indicates P < 0.01, ***indicates P < 0.001, ## and ### Indicates P < 0.01 and P < 0.001 respectively when compared to wild-type RBC number in infected mice, whereas ^^^indicates P < 0.001 when compared to Ank-1 (MRI61689/ +) RBC number in uninfected mice. Error bars indicate SEM.

Article Snippet: The slides were washed three times with rinse buffer from APO-BrdU TUNEL assay kit, followed by staining with 50 μg/ml of anti-BrdU-Biotin antibody (Novus Biologicals, Littleton, CO) in MT-PBT (MT-PBS, 0.5% BSA, 0.05% Triton X-100) for 1 hour.

Techniques: Infection, TUNEL Assay